Keanekaragaman buah Pandan tikar (Pandanus tectorius Park.) asal Provinsi Papua dan Provinsi Papua Barat berdasarkan karakteristik fisik dan kandungan gizinya
Diversity of Pandan tikar (Pandanus tectorius Park.) fruits from Papua and West PapuaPprovinces based on physical characteristics and nutritional content
This Work is licensed under: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License
Abstract
ABSTRACT : The Pandan tikar (Pandanus tectorius Park.) was found in many coastal areas, has the potential to be processed into various food products. This study aims to study the diversity of 6 Pandan tikar fruits originating from several locations of Papua and West Papua province based on their physical characteristics and nutritional content. The method used in this study is an exploration method with observations. The origins of the six Pandan tikar fruits were Mansinam (P1), Mansinam (P2), Pasir Putih (P3), Arboretum Fahutan (P4), Hamadi (P5), and Kampung Wardo (P6). The results of this study indicate that the 6 fruits of Pandan tikar observed have a varied shape, namely ovoid (P1 and P2), ellipsoidal (P3), sub-globose (P4 and P6), and globose (P5); with variations in the colour of the fruit flesh, namely yellow (P1, P2, P3, P4), orange (P5), and red (P6). Fruit size dimensions varied; with whole fruit weight 1.8-6.0 kg, length 19.0-23.3 and width 15.0-25.3 cm, fruit circumference of 56-80.5 cm. The total weight of phalange was 1.6-5.75 kg/fruit with a total of 45-152 phalange/fruit, the width and weight of phalange were 3.2-4.5 cm and 24.8-53.8 g/fruit, respectively; while the weight of edible part was 6-21 g/phalange, and the percentage of edible part was 28.0-39.4%/fruit. Total soluble solids (TSS) 3.3-7.2°Brix and vitamin C 4.8-44.1 mL/100g; water content 76.25-84.52% (wb), ash content 6.55-7.13% (db), fat content 0.20-1.65% (db), protein content 2.67-9.63% (db), and carbohydrate 63.7-70.25% (db). The content of TSS, vitamin C, protein, and carbohydrate showed significant differences between fruit.
References
AOAC (Association of Analytical Chemist). (2005). Official methods of analysis of AOAC International. 16th edition. AOAC Inc., Wahington DC., USA
Asril, M., Simarmata, M. M. T, Sari, S. P. Indarwati., Setiawan, R. B., Afriansyah., & Junairiah. (2022). Keanekaragaman Hayati. R. Watrianthos (Editor). Yayasan Kita Menulis. Medan.
Buckle, K. A., Edwards, R. A., Heet, G. H., Wootton, M., & Adiono. (1987). Ilmu Pangan. Terjemahan: Hari Purnomo. Universitas Universitas Indonesia Press. Jakarta
Englberger, L., Fitzgerald, M. H., & Marks, G. C. (2003). Pasifik Buah Pandan: Pendekatan Etnografi untuk Memahami Suber Karatenoid Provitamin A yang Terlewatkan. Asia Pasifik, 2, 38-44.
Gurmeet, S., & Amrita, P. (2015). Unique Pandanus – flavor, food and medicine Jurnal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 3(3), 08-14.
Hadad, M., Atekan, Malik, A., & Wamaer, D. (2006). Karakteristik dan potensi tanaman buah merah (Pandanus conedeus Lamk) di Papua. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian (BPTP) Papua. Jayapura, 24-25 juli 2006. 243-255.
Harris, R. H. (1989). Pengaruh budidaya pertanian terhadap susunan bahan pangan. Dalam: Harris, R.S., Karmas, E. Evaluasi gizi pada pengolahan bahan pangan. Penerjemah: Achmadi, S. Penerbit ITB, Bandung.
Harris, R. S., & Karmas, E. (1989). Evaluasi gizi pada pengolahan bahan pangan. Penerjemah: Achmadi, S. Penerbit ITB, Bandung.
Maker, D., Sarungallo, Z. L., Santoso, B., Latumahina, R. M. M., Susanti, C. M. E., Sinaga. N. I., & Irbayanti. D. N. (2018). Sifat Fisik, Kandungan Vitamin C dan Total Padatan Buah Pandan Tikar (Pandanus tectorius Park.) pada Tiga Tingkat Kematangan. Agritechnology, 17(2), 72-78. Doi: 10.51310/agritechnology.v1i1.5
Menanti, N., Sarungallo, Z. L., & Santoso, B. (2019). Karakteristik FisikoKimia Tepung Pandan Tikar (Pandanus tectorius). Pro Food (Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Pangan), 7(1), 831-839. Doi: https://doi.org/10.29303/profood.v7i1.166
Mogea, J. P. (1982). Beberapa Catatan Tentang Pandan, Flora dan Fauna Herbarium Bogoriensis, LBN-LIPI Nogor. Suaka Alam, 16, 21-23.
Muchtadi, T. R. Sugiyono & Ayustaningrum, F. (2010). Ilmu Pengetahuan Bahan Pangan. Alfabeta. Bandung.
Murtiningrum, Sarungallo, Z. L., & Mawikere, N. L. (2012). The exploration and diversity of red fruit (Pandanus conoideus L.) from Papua based on its physical characteristics and chemical composition. Biodiversity, 13(3), 124-129.
Nagy, E. S. (1997). Frequency-dependends seed production and hybridization rates:implication for gene flow between locally adapted plant populations, Evolution, 52(3), 703-714.
Safaryani, N., Haryanti, S., & Hastuti, E. D., (2007). Pengaruh suhu dan lama penyimpanan terhadap penurunan kadar vitamin C brokoli (Brassicaoleracea L). Buletin anatomi dan fisiologi, 15(2), 1-8.
Sarungallo, Z. L., Susanti, C. M. E., Sinaga, N. I., Irbayanti, D. N. & Latumahina, R. M. M. (2018). Kandungan Gizi Buah Pandan Laut (Pandanus tectorius Park.) pada Tiga Tingkat Kematangan. Jurnal Aplikasi Teknologi Pangan (JATP), 7(1), 21-26. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17728/jatp.2577.
Sinaga, N. I., Susanti, C. M. E., Sarungallo, Z. L. & Kaber, Y. (2014). Pengentasan Kemiskinan dan Ketahanan Pangan melalui Budidaya Pandanus tectorius Park., di Kawasan TL Teluk Cenderawasih Kabupaten Teluk Wondama. (Laporan Penelitian Tahun Ketiga). Lembaga Penelitian Universitas Papua. Manokwari.
Stone, B. C. (1983). A Guide to Collecting Pandanacea (Pandanus, Freyycinetia and Sararanga). Ann. Missouri. Bot Gard, 70, 137 -145.
Sulistyoningsih, H. (2011). Gizi Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak. Graha Ilmu. Yogyakarta
Thomson, L. A., Englberger, L, Guarino, L. Tha man, R. R., & Elevitch, C. R. (2006). Pandanus tectorius, Permanent Agriculture Resourcer (PAR). Holualoa- Hawai.
Walujo, E. B., Keim A. P., & Sadsoetoeboen, M. J. (2007). Kajian etnotaksonomi Pandanus conoideus Lamk. untuk menjembatani pengetahuan dan ilmiah. Berita Biologi, 8(5), 176-178.
Winarno, F. G. (2009). Kimia Pangan dan Gizi. Penerbit PT. Garamedia Pustaka Utama. Jakarta.
