Eksplorasi dan deskripsi keanekaragaman morfologi aksesi ubi jalar (Ipomoea batatas L.) di Distrik Nabire dan Nabire Barat Kabupaten Nabire
Exploration and description of the morphological diversity of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) accessions in Nabire and West Nabire Districts, Nabire Regency
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30862/casssowary.cs.v8.i4.490
This Work is licensed under: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License
This Work is licensed under: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License
Keywords:
Eksplorasi, keanekaragaman morfologi, ubi jalar, Kabupaten Nabire
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore and describe the morphological diversity of sweet potato accessions in Nabire and West Nabire Districts, Nabire Regency. The study was conducted in several villages in Nabire and West Nabire Districts, with altitudes ranging from 3 to 10 m above sea level. The study lasted for 2 months, from December 2024 to January 2025. The study was conducted using a descriptive method with direct observation techniques in the field. The determination of the research location was intentional (purposive sampling), by selecting areas where farmers cultivate sweet potatoes. Observations of plant morphological characters were carried out by the description guide by Huaman (1997). Observations on sweet potato accessions included morphological characters of stems or tendrils, leaves, and tubers. The results of the observations were analyzed, tabulated, and presented in tables and figures. The results of exploration in Nabire District (Sanoba, Kalimangga, Kalibobo, Wonorejo Village) and West Nabire District (Bumiraya, BR-Menou, Kalimerah, Gerbangsadu Village) obtained 70 sweet potato accessions. The number of sweet potato accessions cultivated in Nabire District is more (37 accessions) compared to West Nabire District (33 accessions). From the results of the study, a description of the morphology of the stems, leaves, and tubers of sweet potato plants in Nabire and West Nabire Districts was obtained with a fairly high level of diversity, such as: Stem (tendrils) character from non-twisting to twining, upright type to very creeping type, dominant tendril color from green to dark purple, and from hairless to thickly hairy. Leaf characteristics range from heart-shaped to almost separate, serrated leaf curve type to deep (finger-like), the number of leaf curves varies from 1,3,5,7,9, and the color of the leaves ranges from greenish yellow to purple on both the upper and lower leaves. The tuber characteristics range from round to irregular/curved length, and the dominant color of the tuber skin ranges from white to dark purple.
References
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Guo, J., Han, W., & Wang, M.H. (2008). Ultraviolet and environ-mental stresses involved in the in-duction and regulation of anthocy-anin biosynthesis: A Review. Afri-can Journal of Biotechnology, 7(25):4966-4972.
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Haworth, M., Marino, G., Atzori, G., Fabbri, A., Daccache, A., Killi, D., Carli, A., Montesano, V., Conte, A., & Balestrini, R. (2023). Plant phy-siological analysis to over-come li-mitations to plant phenoty-ping. Plants, 12(23):4015. https:// doi.org/10.3390/plants12234015.
Hetharie, H., Raharjo, S.H.T., & Jambormias, E. (2018). Pengelom-pokan klon-klon ubi jalar berdasar-kan analisis gerombol, komponen utama dan biplot dari karakter morfologi. J. Agron. Indonesia, 46(3):276-282.
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Li, R., Guo P., Baum M., Grando S., & Ceccarelli, S. (2006). Evaluation of chlorophyll content and fluores-cence parameters as indicators of drought tolerance in barley. Agri-cultural Sciences in China, 5(10):751- 757.
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Lu, H., Sun, H., & Long, J. (2022). Analysis of plant water transport mechanism and water requirement for growth based on the effect of thermal environment. Forests, 13(4): 583. https://doi.org/10.3390/ f13040583
Mahdavian, K., Ghorbanli, M., & Kalantari, K.M. (2008). The effects of ultraviolet radiation on the con-tents of chlorophyll, flaophyll, fla-vonoid, anthocyonoid, anthocya-nin, pranin, and proline in capsi-cumo-line in Capsicum annuum L. Turkish Journal of Botany, 32(1): 25-33.
Mauro, R.P., Pérez-Alfocea, F., Cook-son, S.J., Ollat, N., & Vitale, A. (2022). Editorial: Physiological and molecular aspects of plant rootstockscion interactions. Front. Plant Sci. 13:852518. https://doi.org/ 10.3389/fpls.2022.852518.
Minantyorini & Andarini, Y.N. (2016). Keterkaitan karakteristik morfologi tanaman ubi jalar dengan kadar gu-la dan kadar bahan kering umbi. Prosiding Seminar Hasil Penelitian Tanaman Aneka Kacang dan Um-bi: Hal.588-596.
Nandi, D., Chakraborty, A., Biswas, T., Meher, D., & Singh, A.P. (2022). Role of trichomes in plant defence – a crop specific review. Crop Re-search, 57(5&6):460-475. https:// doi.org/10.31830/2454-1761.2022. 895.
Oycha, O., Abrham, S., Woldemariam, W. (2023). Vine cutting lengths and fertilizer effects on yield of sweet potato (Ipomoea bata-tas L.). Journal of Plant Sciences, 18:1-11. DOI: 10.3923/jps.2023.1.11.
Paiki, A., Prabawardani, S., Suparno, A., Mawikere, N.L., & Mbusango, A. (2024). Korelasi kadar air, ba-han kering dan kadar gula serta si-fat sensori umbi beberapa genotipe ubi jalar lokal Papua. Cassowary, 7(2):1–9.
Prabawardani S. (2007). Physiological and growth responses of selected sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) cultivars to water stress. PhD Theses. James Cook University. Australia.
Prabawardani, S. (2024). Mewujudkan kedaulatan dan kemandirian pan-gan berbasis pangan lokal dan pen-dekat-an ekofisiologi dalam upaya peningkatan produktifitas ubijalar di Tanah Papua. Orasi Ilmiah Pen-gukuhan Guru Besar Bidang Ekofisiologi Tanaman, 27 Maret 2024. Universitas Papua. Manokwari.
Prabawardani, S., Sarungallo, A., Mustamu, Y., dan Luhulima, F. 2008. Tanggap klon lokal ubi jalar Papua terhadap cekaman kekeringan. Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan, 27(2): 113-119.
Pulungan, A.S., Lahay, R.R., & Purba, E. (2018). Pengaruh waktu pemberian dan konsentrasi paklobutrazol terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman ubi jalar (Ipomoea batatas L.). Jurnal Agroekoteknologi FP USU, 6(1): 1- 6.
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Ramdan, S.R.K., & Fitriah, V. (2023). Optimasi fase gerak pada isolasi dan identifikasi antosianin ubi jalar ungu (Ipomoea batatas L). Phar-macy Genius, 2(2):135–144. https://doi.org/10.56359/pharmgen.v2i2.280.
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Serly. (2013). Respon Pertumbuhan dan produksi ubi jalar (Ipomoae batatas L.) yang diaplikasi paclobutrazol dan growmore6-30-30. Tesis. Makasar: Universitas Hasanuddin. www.pasca.unhas. ac.id.
Sinon, J.Y, Mawikere, N.L., Prabawardani, S., Sarungallo A., Wibawati, Z. (2025). Keane-karagaman karakteristik morfologi beberapa aksesi ubi jalar yang dibudidayakan oleh masyarakat Suku Irarutu dan Suku Dani di Ka-bupaten Kaimana. Cassowary, 8(1): 64 – 78.
Setyoreni, M.D. dan Ariffin. (2023). Kajian dampak perbedaan unsur iklim terhadap produktivitas ubi jalar (Ipomoea batatas L.) pada da-taran tinggi dan dataran rendah. Plantropica: Journal of Agricul-tural Science, 8(2):159-172.
Suryani, R. (2016). Outlook komoditas pertanian sub sektor tanaman pan-gan. Pusat Data dan Sistem Infor-masi Pertanian Kementerian Per-tanian. Jakarta.
Wahyuni, T.S., Jusuf, M., & Rahayun-ingsih, St.A. (2005). Aksesi plasma nutfah ubi jalar berkandungan be-takaroten tinggi. Balai Penelitian Tanaman Kacang-Kacangan dan Umbi-Umbian. Malang.
Wahyuni, T.S. & Wargiono, J. (2012). Morfologi dan Anatomi Tanaman. Dalam J. Wargiono dan Hermanto (Penyunting). Ubi jalar: Inovasi Teknologi dan Prospek Pengem-bangan. Puslitbangtan, Bogor. Hal. 37-56.
Widowati, S. dan Wargiono, J. 2009. Nilai gizi dan sifat fungsional ubi kayu dan ubijalar. Dalam Ubi kayu: Inovasi Teknologi dan Ke-bijakan Pengembangan (Editor: J. Wargiono, Hermanto, dan Suni-hardi). Puslitbangtan, Bogor. Hal. 320-331.
Winkel-Shirley, B. (2001). It takes a garden. How work on diverse plant species has contributed to an un-derstanding of flavonoid metabo-lism. Plant Physiology, 127:1399-1404.
Yusoff, M.M., Abdullah, S.N., Halim, M.R.A., Shari, E.S., & Ismail, N.A. (2018). Growth and yield perfor-mance of five purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) accessions on colluvium soil. Pertanika Journal of Tropical Agricultural Science, 41(3).
Zhao, M.H., Li, X., Zhang, X.X., Zhang, H., & Zhao, X.Y. (2020). Mutation mechanism of leaf color in plants: A Review. Forests, 11(8):851.
Balogun, K., Adeyeye, A.S., Ahmadu, R. (2024). Growth and tuber yield improvement of sweet potato culti-vars (Ipomoea batatas L.) as influ-enced by vine patterns of planting in Taraba State. African Journal of Agriculture and Food Science, 7(3):137-152. https://doi. org/10.52589/AJAFSFL64H WNB.
Dewi, R., dan Hakim, N.A. (2015). Karakterisasi morfologi dan kan-dungan gula beberapa plasma nutfah ubi jalar lokal Lampung. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Swasembada Pangan. Politeknik Negeri Lampung. Hal 117-124.
Duan, W., Zhang, H., & Wang, Q. (2023). Regulation of root deve-lopment in nitrogen-susceptible and nitrogen-tolerant sweet potato cultivars under differ-ent nitrogen and soil moisture con-ditions. BMC Plant Biol, 23:454. https://doi.org/ 10.1186/s12870-023-04461-y.
El Husna, N., Novita, M., & Rohaya, S. (2013). Kandungan antosianin dan aktivitas antioksidan ubi jalar ungu segar dan produk olahannya. Agritech, 33(3):296-302.
Erari, P. (2022). Identifikasi beberapa jenis ubi jalar (Ipomoea batatas, (L) Lamb) di Disrtik Tigi Kabupaten Deiyai. Jurnal FAPERTANAK: Jurnal Pertanian dan Peternakan, 7(2): 29–36.
Evans, J.R. (2013). Improving photo-synthesis. Plant Physiology, 162(4): 1780–1793. https://doi.org/10. 1104/pp.113.219006
Goriely, A. & Neukirch, S. (2006). Me-chanics of climbing and attachment in twining plants. Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 184302. DOI: https:// doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.97.184302.
Guo, J., Han, W., & Wang, M.H. (2008). Ultraviolet and environ-mental stresses involved in the in-duction and regulation of anthocy-anin biosynthesis: A Review. Afri-can Journal of Biotechnology, 7(25):4966-4972.
Han, G., Li, Y., Yang, Z., Wang, C., Zhang, Y., & Wang, B. 2022. Mo-lecular mechanisms of plant tri-chome development. Front. Plant Sci., 13:910228. https://doi.org/10. 3389/fpls.2022.910228
Hanley, M.E., Lamont, B.B., Fairbanks, M.M., & Rafferty, C.M. (2007). Evaluation of chlorophyll content and fluorescence parameters as indicators of drought tolerance in barley. Agricultural Sciences in China, 5(10):751- 757.
Haworth, M., Marino, G., Atzori, G., Fabbri, A., Daccache, A., Killi, D., Carli, A., Montesano, V., Conte, A., & Balestrini, R. (2023). Plant phy-siological analysis to over-come li-mitations to plant phenoty-ping. Plants, 12(23):4015. https:// doi.org/10.3390/plants12234015.
Hetharie, H., Raharjo, S.H.T., & Jambormias, E. (2018). Pengelom-pokan klon-klon ubi jalar berdasar-kan analisis gerombol, komponen utama dan biplot dari karakter morfologi. J. Agron. Indonesia, 46(3):276-282.
Huaman, Z. (1991). Descriptors for sweet potato. CIP, AVEDC, IBPGR. International Board for Plant Genetic Resources. Roma, Italy.
Johnson, H.B. (1975). Plant pubescence: An ecological perspective. The Botanical Review, 41:233-258.
Juanda, D. dan Cahyono, B. (2000). Ubi Jalar, Budidaya Dan Analisis Usaha Tani. Yogyakarta: Kanisius.
Li, R., Guo P., Baum M., Grando S., & Ceccarelli, S. (2006). Evaluation of chlorophyll content and fluores-cence parameters as indicators of drought tolerance in barley. Agri-cultural Sciences in China, 5(10):751- 757.
Li, S., Yang, Y., & Yu, J. (2024). Mole-cular and metabolic insights into purplish leaf coloration through the investigation of two mulberry (Mo-rus alba) genotypes. BMC Plant Biol, 24:61. https://doi.org/10. 1186/s12870-024-04737-x.
Li, Y., Sun, Y., & Jiang, J. (2019). Spectroscopic determination of leaf chlorophyll content and color for genetic selection on Sassafras tzumu. PlantMethods, 15:73. https://doi.org/10. 1186/s130070190458-0.
Lu, H., Sun, H., & Long, J. (2022). Analysis of plant water transport mechanism and water requirement for growth based on the effect of thermal environment. Forests, 13(4): 583. https://doi.org/10.3390/ f13040583
Mahdavian, K., Ghorbanli, M., & Kalantari, K.M. (2008). The effects of ultraviolet radiation on the con-tents of chlorophyll, flaophyll, fla-vonoid, anthocyonoid, anthocya-nin, pranin, and proline in capsi-cumo-line in Capsicum annuum L. Turkish Journal of Botany, 32(1): 25-33.
Mauro, R.P., Pérez-Alfocea, F., Cook-son, S.J., Ollat, N., & Vitale, A. (2022). Editorial: Physiological and molecular aspects of plant rootstockscion interactions. Front. Plant Sci. 13:852518. https://doi.org/ 10.3389/fpls.2022.852518.
Minantyorini & Andarini, Y.N. (2016). Keterkaitan karakteristik morfologi tanaman ubi jalar dengan kadar gu-la dan kadar bahan kering umbi. Prosiding Seminar Hasil Penelitian Tanaman Aneka Kacang dan Um-bi: Hal.588-596.
Nandi, D., Chakraborty, A., Biswas, T., Meher, D., & Singh, A.P. (2022). Role of trichomes in plant defence – a crop specific review. Crop Re-search, 57(5&6):460-475. https:// doi.org/10.31830/2454-1761.2022. 895.
Oycha, O., Abrham, S., Woldemariam, W. (2023). Vine cutting lengths and fertilizer effects on yield of sweet potato (Ipomoea bata-tas L.). Journal of Plant Sciences, 18:1-11. DOI: 10.3923/jps.2023.1.11.
Paiki, A., Prabawardani, S., Suparno, A., Mawikere, N.L., & Mbusango, A. (2024). Korelasi kadar air, ba-han kering dan kadar gula serta si-fat sensori umbi beberapa genotipe ubi jalar lokal Papua. Cassowary, 7(2):1–9.
Prabawardani S. (2007). Physiological and growth responses of selected sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) cultivars to water stress. PhD Theses. James Cook University. Australia.
Prabawardani, S. (2024). Mewujudkan kedaulatan dan kemandirian pan-gan berbasis pangan lokal dan pen-dekat-an ekofisiologi dalam upaya peningkatan produktifitas ubijalar di Tanah Papua. Orasi Ilmiah Pen-gukuhan Guru Besar Bidang Ekofisiologi Tanaman, 27 Maret 2024. Universitas Papua. Manokwari.
Prabawardani, S., Sarungallo, A., Mustamu, Y., dan Luhulima, F. 2008. Tanggap klon lokal ubi jalar Papua terhadap cekaman kekeringan. Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan, 27(2): 113-119.
Pulungan, A.S., Lahay, R.R., & Purba, E. (2018). Pengaruh waktu pemberian dan konsentrasi paklobutrazol terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman ubi jalar (Ipomoea batatas L.). Jurnal Agroekoteknologi FP USU, 6(1): 1- 6.
Purbasari, K. dan Rahabistara, S.A. (2018). Studi variasi ubi jalar (Ip-omoea batatas L.) berdasarkan karakter morfologi di Kabupaten Ngawi. Florea: Jurnal Biologi dan Pembelajarannya, 5(2):78–84.
Ramdan, S.R.K., & Fitriah, V. (2023). Optimasi fase gerak pada isolasi dan identifikasi antosianin ubi jalar ungu (Ipomoea batatas L). Phar-macy Genius, 2(2):135–144. https://doi.org/10.56359/pharmgen.v2i2.280.
Rumere, J., Prabawardani, S., Abbas, B. (2021). Karakter morfologi beberapa aksesi ubi jalar asal Biak Numfor, Papua. Prosiding Seminar Nasional dalam Rangka Dies Natalis ke-45 UNS Tahun 2021. Vol. 5 No. 1. E-ISSN: 2615-7721.
Serly. (2013). Respon Pertumbuhan dan produksi ubi jalar (Ipomoae batatas L.) yang diaplikasi paclobutrazol dan growmore6-30-30. Tesis. Makasar: Universitas Hasanuddin. www.pasca.unhas. ac.id.
Sinon, J.Y, Mawikere, N.L., Prabawardani, S., Sarungallo A., Wibawati, Z. (2025). Keane-karagaman karakteristik morfologi beberapa aksesi ubi jalar yang dibudidayakan oleh masyarakat Suku Irarutu dan Suku Dani di Ka-bupaten Kaimana. Cassowary, 8(1): 64 – 78.
Setyoreni, M.D. dan Ariffin. (2023). Kajian dampak perbedaan unsur iklim terhadap produktivitas ubi jalar (Ipomoea batatas L.) pada da-taran tinggi dan dataran rendah. Plantropica: Journal of Agricul-tural Science, 8(2):159-172.
Suryani, R. (2016). Outlook komoditas pertanian sub sektor tanaman pan-gan. Pusat Data dan Sistem Infor-masi Pertanian Kementerian Per-tanian. Jakarta.
Wahyuni, T.S., Jusuf, M., & Rahayun-ingsih, St.A. (2005). Aksesi plasma nutfah ubi jalar berkandungan be-takaroten tinggi. Balai Penelitian Tanaman Kacang-Kacangan dan Umbi-Umbian. Malang.
Wahyuni, T.S. & Wargiono, J. (2012). Morfologi dan Anatomi Tanaman. Dalam J. Wargiono dan Hermanto (Penyunting). Ubi jalar: Inovasi Teknologi dan Prospek Pengem-bangan. Puslitbangtan, Bogor. Hal. 37-56.
Widowati, S. dan Wargiono, J. 2009. Nilai gizi dan sifat fungsional ubi kayu dan ubijalar. Dalam Ubi kayu: Inovasi Teknologi dan Ke-bijakan Pengembangan (Editor: J. Wargiono, Hermanto, dan Suni-hardi). Puslitbangtan, Bogor. Hal. 320-331.
Winkel-Shirley, B. (2001). It takes a garden. How work on diverse plant species has contributed to an un-derstanding of flavonoid metabo-lism. Plant Physiology, 127:1399-1404.
Yusoff, M.M., Abdullah, S.N., Halim, M.R.A., Shari, E.S., & Ismail, N.A. (2018). Growth and yield perfor-mance of five purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) accessions on colluvium soil. Pertanika Journal of Tropical Agricultural Science, 41(3).
Zhao, M.H., Li, X., Zhang, X.X., Zhang, H., & Zhao, X.Y. (2020). Mutation mechanism of leaf color in plants: A Review. Forests, 11(8):851.
Published
2025-10-30
How to Cite
Yanti Wasti, T., Mawikere, N. L., Prabawardani, S., Abbas, B., Wibawati, Z., Dare, D., & Moeljono, S. (2025). Eksplorasi dan deskripsi keanekaragaman morfologi aksesi ubi jalar (Ipomoea batatas L.) di Distrik Nabire dan Nabire Barat Kabupaten Nabire . Cassowary, 8(4), 71-87. https://doi.org/10.30862/casssowary.cs.v8.i4.490
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Articles
